Rubio-Marín, Ruth (Editora)
What happened to the women? Gender and Reparations for Human Rights Violations
2006
International Center for Transitional Justice (ICTJ)
women, violations, shining path, inglés, english, peruvian army, alberto fujimori
Resumen:
The IFCVR shows how, in addition to being direct victims of kidnappings,
forced recruitment, arbitrary detentions, physical and psychological torture,
forced isappearances, massacres and extrajudicial executions, women also suffered
from the death and disappearance of family members. It is likely that violence
against children also had a differential impact on women. Although the report,
in its section on violence against boys and girls,19 does not point to any
gender-based differences, it does state that children accounted for 12.8% of
human rights violations, and that abuses committed against them were
mainly rape, kidnapping, forced
recruitment, and murder. Women suffered the consequences of such acts in their
daily life, driving many into displacement. Furthermore, the report documents
how women were subject to sexual violence in different forms by both official
forces and insurgent groups. Despite the fact that sexual violence is
consistently underreported, mainly due to victims feelings of guilt, shame, or
(justified) fear of stigmatization or community ostracism, the CVR was able to
prove that such abuses were perpetrated mainly by official forces and, to a
lesser extent, members of insurgent groups. In fact, the two sides practiced
different forms of gender violence. While 83% of rapes were attributable to the
state, including multiple rape and rape of pregnant women, insurgent groups
were mainly responsible for actions such as forced domestic work; mutilations,
including mutilations of a sexual nature; sexual slavery; forced contraception;
forced abortion; and forced cohabitation. These abuses usually took place
within the insurgent organization itself, against persons forcefully recruited
or the population in the controlled areas.
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